(The non-working option is to add a teams tab which point to the outlook.com URL for the groups calendar.)
The steps involved are to go to the Teams modern team site, create a new page, add the calendar web part to that page, and then link to to that page as a teams tab.
Here I’ve create a page called calendar.
In the Microsoft Teams client, add a SharePoint tab, pointing to this page.
When an external user visits the team, the calendar displays nicely in the tab, as it would for internal users.
Note: Newly added users to a team might not see the calendar right away as it takes a little bit of time for permissions to synchronize